Ordering both Apo A1 and Apo B tests gives you this ratio. It is sometimes used as an alternative to a total cholesterol/HDL ratio, to evaluate the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
What causes low Apo A1 levels?
Low levels of Apo A1 are associated with low levels of HDL, the so-called ‘good’ cholesterol, and impaired cholesterol clearance from the body. Lower Apo A1, combined with higher Apo B is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular disease. Having a higher level of Apo A1 is considered protective against cardiovascular illness. The ApoA1 to Apo B ratio is one of the most accurate ways to determine the risk of cardiovascular disease. The ApoA1/Apo B ratio predicts the risk of a heart attack regardless of cholesterol and triglyceride levels (although they are often correlated).
Low levels of Apo A1 can be caused by some health conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes, obesity/overweight, certain medications, smoking, and poor diet. Genetic factors can also lead to deficiencies in Apo A1 (and thus low levels of HDL). People with these disorders tend to have abnormal lipid levels, including high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL – the "bad" cholesterol). Frequently, they have accelerated rates of atherosclerosis. These genetic disorders are the primary causes of low Apo A1.
Changes in levels of Apo A-I may also be associated with other factors. The following may decrease Apo A1:
• Chronic kidney disease
• Use of drugs like androgens, beta-blockers, diuretics, and progestins (synthetic progesterone)
• Smoking
• Untreated diabetes
• Obesity
Symptoms of low Apo A1
Low levels of apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) can lead to several health issues, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Symptoms may include fatigue, muscle weakness, and general malaise. Additionally, you might experience difficulty managing cholesterol levels, leading to further heart-related problems. If you notice these symptoms, it’s important to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What causes high Apo A1 levels?
High values may reduce the risk of heart and artery disease. The following may increase Apo A1:
High levels of apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) are generally considered beneficial, as Apo A1 is a major component of HDL cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol. Therefore, high Apo A1 levels typically do not cause negative symptoms and are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, consult a healthcare provider if you have concerns about your cholesterol or overall health.
More Information
Values that are slightly outside the reference range can be normal. Approximately 5% of healthy individuals may have results outside the reference range.
Preparations for the test
Avoid fatty foods and alcohol the day before the test.
On the day of the test
Always take ID. with you when going to take a test. Arrive early and sit quietly for 15 minutes before the test.